Question 3
Consider (radians).
Establish a pointwise trigonometric bound.
Compare with a standard -series.
Classify the series and explain why no averaging argument is needed.
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Question 3 – Solution
Step 1: Bound the numerator.
For every real number , . Hence for each positive integer ,
Step 2: Classify the benchmark.
The series converges because it is a -series with .
Step 3: Apply Direct Comparison.
The given nonnegative series is bounded term by term above by a convergent series, so it converges. No information about the average value or periodic distribution of is required.