More Optimization — Question 4

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Question 4

A closed right circular cylinder has a fixed volume of V=1000 cm3V = 1000\text{ cm}^3.

Find the radius and height of the cylinder that minimizes its surface area. Also determine the minimum surface area.

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Original worksheet page 1: question and worked solution for 4-9-004
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Question 4 - Solution

Let the radius be rr, and the height be hh. We are given: V=πr2h=1000⇒h=1000πr2V = \pi r^2 h = 1000 \Rightarrow h = \frac{1000}{\pi r^2}

Surface Area of the Cylinder:

A=2πr2+2πrh⇒A(r)=2πr2+2πr⋅1000πr2=2πr2+2000rA = 2\pi r^2 + 2\pi r h \Rightarrow A(r) = 2\pi r^2 + 2\pi r \cdot \frac{1000}{\pi r^2} = 2\pi r^2 + \frac{2000}{r}

Minimize A(r)A(r):

Take derivative: A′(r)=4πr−2000r2A'(r) = 4\pi r - \frac{2000}{r^2}

Set A′(r)=0A'(r) = 0: 4πr=2000r2⇒4πr3=2000⇒r3=500π⇒r=500π34\pi r = \frac{2000}{r^2} \Rightarrow 4\pi r^3 = 2000 \Rightarrow r^3 = \frac{500}{\pi} \Rightarrow r = \sqrt[3]{\frac{500}{\pi}}

Now compute hh: h=1000πr2=1000π(500π3)2=1000π⋅(π500)2/3=1000⋅π−1/3⋅500−2/3h = \frac{1000}{\pi r^2} = \frac{1000}{\pi \left( \sqrt[3]{\frac{500}{\pi}} \right)^2 } = \frac{1000}{\pi} \cdot \left( \frac{\pi}{500} \right)^{2/3} = 1000 \cdot \pi^{-1/3} \cdot 500^{-2/3}

Minimum Surface Area:

A=2πr2+2000r=2π(500π3)2+2000500π3A = 2\pi r^2 + \frac{2000}{r} = 2\pi \left( \sqrt[3]{\frac{500}{\pi}} \right)^2 + \frac{2000}{\sqrt[3]{\frac{500}{\pi}}}

r=500π3h=1000πr2Amin=2πr2+2000r\boxed{ \begin{aligned} r &= \sqrt[3]{\frac{500}{\pi}} \\ h &= \frac{1000}{\pi r^2} \\ A_{\min} &= 2\pi r^2 + \frac{2000}{r} \end{aligned} }

Original worksheet page 2: question and worked solution for 4-9-004

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