Logarithm Functions — Question 10

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Question 10

Solve the logarithmic equation: ln⁡(x+2)+ln⁡(x−1)=ln⁡(3x)\ln(x + 2) + \ln(x - 1) = \ln(3x)

  • (a) Solve the equation algebraically.

  • (b) State the domain and eliminate any extraneous solutions.

Original worksheet page 1: question and worked solution for 1-8-010
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Question 10 - Solution

(a) Combine the logarithmic expressions:

Use the product rule: ln⁡[(x+2)(x−1)]=ln⁡(3x)⇒(x+2)(x−1)=3x⇒x2+x−2=3x⇒x2−2x−2=0\ln[(x + 2)(x - 1)] = \ln(3x) \Rightarrow (x + 2)(x - 1) = 3x \Rightarrow x^2 + x - 2 = 3x \Rightarrow x^2 - 2x - 2 = 0

Use the quadratic formula: x=2±(−2)2+4(1)(2)2=2±4+82=2±122=2±232=1±3x = \frac{2 \pm \sqrt{(-2)^2 + 4(1)(2)}}{2} = \frac{2 \pm \sqrt{4 + 8}}{2} = \frac{2 \pm \sqrt{12}}{2} = \frac{2 \pm 2\sqrt{3}}{2} = \boxed{1 \pm \sqrt{3}}

(b) Domain restrictions:

We need all logarithms to have positive arguments: x+2>0⇒x>−2,x−1>0⇒x>1,3x>0⇒x>0x + 2 > 0 \Rightarrow x > -2,\quad x - 1 > 0 \Rightarrow x > 1,\quad 3x > 0 \Rightarrow x > 0

Combining all: x>1\boxed{x > 1}

Now test each solution: - x=1+3≈2.73>1x = 1 + \sqrt{3} \approx 2.73 > 1 → valid - x=1−3≈−0.73<1x = 1 - \sqrt{3} \approx -0.73 < 1 → invalid (violates domain)

Final answer: x=1+3\text{Final answer: } \boxed{x = 1 + \sqrt{3}}

Original worksheet page 2: question and worked solution for 1-8-010

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